In mathematics, a fractal is a self-similar subset of Euclidean space
whose fractal dimension strictly exceeds its topological dimension.
Fractals appear the same at different levels, as illustrated in
successive magnifications of the Mandelbrot set.[1][2][3][4]
Fractals exhibit similar patterns at increasingly small scales called self-similarity,
also known as expanding symmetry or unfolding symmetry;
if this replication is exactly the same at every scale, as in the Menger sponge,[5]
it is called affine self-similar.
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