In combinatorial mathematics, the Catalan numbers form a sequence of natural numbers that
occur in various counting problems, often involving recursively defined objects.
They are named after the Belgian mathematician Eugรจne Charles Catalan (1814โ1894).
The first Catalan numbers for n = 0, 1, 2, 3, ... are
1, 1, 2, 5, 14, 42, 132, 429, 1430, 4862, 16796, 58786, 208012, 742900,
2674440, 9694845, 35357670, 129644790, 477638700, 1767263190, .....
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